William Shakespeare Essays (1375 words) - Prospero, The Tempest

William Shakespeare One may find it ridiculous to contrast between Shakespeare and existentialism in its 20th century form, however one must keep in mind, that existentialism does not appear as a single philosophical system. It is more an attitude of life, a general vision - existentialist Jean-Paul Sartre is known to have stated that existentialism was never invented, it has always existed as the ultimate foundation. Upon that light, why not seek the foundations from the work of the forefather of all dramatists? It is above all na?ve to claim Prospero's Epilogue in Shakespeare's play The Tempest a mere conventional appeal for applause or the stripping of the imaginary glamour built up by the plays magic. Even the greatest of artists would rather give away his life than surrender his art to be judged solely by the public. Art for an artistic genius is practised for its own sake; art for the purpose of art. Existence for the sake of existence itself - stripped of meaning, of value and of subjective interpretation. In its bear meaningless form, something still remains: the necessary Natural Law, a philosophical concept considered the basis of human well-being, a system of the values that determine human existence. Throughout The Tempest Prospero's character portrays an image of a nearly Nietzchean superhuman capable of disclaiming authority, killing God. He is in control of every situation and event as if the chain of causes and effects would be a conductible melody waiting for an artist's touch. On the other hand he is very human: a wronged duke and a father, a symbiosis which Shakespeare displayed with the use of Prospero's garment as a theatrical tool. An artist is the creator, the maker of realities yet he remains human, an animal with feelings and urges, ties only waiting to be cut. The view implied is not far from the ideologies that emerged from the great suffering of the second world war: a man is capable of constructing himself a framework of personal and social meaning, but his true animal nature remains unchanged. In the heart of existence, life has no predefined meaning, it is a mere passage of survival from necessary birth to necessary death. Prospero's and his daughter's situation on the island was hopeless, however Prospero had chosen a function for his life - revenge. Prospero created a meaning for his life, built a synthetic reality to keep him sane on the path towards the finality of human death. Early existentialism begins to appear. The literatory image behind The Epilogue of The Tempest greatly involves the attitude and interpretation of art. Having constructed a window or more or less a door to an imaginary world for the audience, Shakespeare has succeeded in fusing art and reality. Upon that light it is incomprehensible to assume his need to address the subjective yet neutral third party, the audience - shatter the synthetic reality. However, The Epilogue is a beautiful and humble ending to a story filled with strong magical elements - the control is given to the audience, they are given Prospero's magical garment. The passive third party is given a choice of interaction, chance to rise beyond spectatorship. An interesting aspect to The Epilogue of The Tempest is the fact that it was Shakespeare's last play - the final words of a great artist. Due to the lack of historically trustworthy biographical information of Shakespeare's character, it is difficult if not impossible to determine the effect of his life situation to the message itself. Whether justified or not, The Epilogue seems like a farewell - a humble artist handing over his life to the audience to which he has dedicated his entire life. When examining The Epilogue with the restriction of intertextuality, one is forced to focus on the character of Prospero. Why does he leave a farewell, why does he become the ultimate link from the world of the play to the world of the third party, the audience. His importance as the narrator of The Epilogue creates a third dimension to his character traits, he becomes the God-figure that seems limited to living on a island yet he can perform metaphysical leaps between dimensions. The person speaking is the author himself, for in

slaves essays

slaves essays Stephen B. Oates, the author, recalls the unlawful accounts of Nat's mother, Nancy, while being forced into slavery. Being just a teenage, she was abducted in North's Nile River Country by slave raiders. She was then marched hundreds of mils to the coast and sold to the Europeans. She endured the "middle passage" which was the dreaded voyage of being in a crammed small area with many other chained Africans. The results of this torment included suicide, starvation, and death from white man's disease. It was also noted that Nancy tried to kill her baby, Nat, so that she did not have to see him suffer the cruelties of slavery. At an early age Nancy had noticed a special gift that Nat had, such as when he was able to tell stories about his mother before he was born that were never told to him directly. Stephen Oates has a way of writing that transforms the reader into the actual rebellion and allows one to see and feel the circumstances before, during and after the Nat Turner insurrection and the consequences of it to the South.Oates clearly did extensive research on his subject. He manages to unearth many new facts about Nat Turner that were previously unknown. Oates presents a vivid picture of what Nat Turner's life must have been like as a slave. He presents enough facts about Nat Turner to give the reader the beginnings of an idea of what motivated the man. He describes in detail the visions that Nat claimed to have had and the formations of the planned rebellion. Then, once the rebellion starts, Oates gives a moment by moment account. ...

Summary chapter 29-history Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Summary chapter 29-history - Term Paper Example He continues Kenney’s foreign policy especially in Vietnam. The Warren Court expanded freedom of expression, separated church from state, and increased protection to the accused. In the Yates case, the court released the members of the Communists party who advocated the overthrow of the American government following their rhetoric that actions, not words, constitute a crime. In the 60’s court issued many orders on criminal justice decisions and declared a right to an attorney to all defendants. Warren Court’s decision to separate church from state angered many and it was considered to be doing a poor job but for minorities outside the mainstream, Court remained a valuable ally. Kennedy’s candidacy and Viva Kenney movement gave hope to the minorities, especially Hispanics and Latinos. Johnson soon became popular among the minorities by appointing several Mexican Americans to the administration but it by 1966 his popularity vanished. Most of the Mexican Americans still felt ignored especially in the West and Southwest. They started taking more direct actions. By the mid 60’s the Puerto Rican population had increased to about a million. They attempted to coordinate federal grants and find jobs while the younger ones were being organized by the militant lords in Chicago and New York. For most Mexican Americans the key issue was education, jobs and wages. Their children were still being barred from decent education and demanded better education opportunities for Hispanics along with special programs to meet their special needs such as bilingual education. Raul Ruiz organized Mexican student in Los Angeles in 1969 and encouraged them to demand thei r rights. Walkouts spread in California and Texas. In 1968, Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act was passed approving bilingual education. Cries for dignity, better work conditions and living wage were also heard. In 1962, Cesar Chavez created the

National Changes In Tuition Fees And Funding 2006 Essay

National Changes In Tuition Fees And Funding 2006 - Essay Example As has been scientifically proven, a slight change or shift in an equilibrium situation is bound to set off a reaction process that moves to contain the change could mean different things to different people going by the Betty and Adams illustration painted above. The obvious fact in education today is that there has being a regime change in tuition fees for new students and this sector and implications underlined. There are currently two tuitions fees types. The first indicates that new students are expected to pay 3,000 up from 1,200 that its initially was. This initial amount is however sustained for old students who are returning to campus. The expectation attached to this increase is that having been calculated and pegged till 2009 it will not be rising above this figure. Fees for sandwich and home foundation years are incidentally not part of this 3,000. One unique observation is however the fact that payment of these fees can be deferred until after graduation. The second tuition type is one in which a tuition fee loan is available, accessible without a no means test. This kind of loan is available to home students and EU nationals and it is paid directly to the university, it also has no age limit for applicants. 75% of students' loans for living costs are available without means test whole 25% is dependent on a means test. The sum of 6,170 is pegged as the maximum loan rates for those in London living a way from home while for those living in parental homes in London if is 3,415. The payment schedule for this loan is on an installment basis paid either in September or January and April. It has an age limit of 60years. Fees and living cost are repayable starting from the April after graduation provided that gross earnings stand at minimum of 15,000 per annum. So it is really dependent on how much the student earns after graduation. 9% of earning over 15,000 are paid through the tax system with an interest not above the approximate rate of inflation. This loan however will be written off after 25years if it remains unpaid. Grant such as the LA grants for living cost exists with a new 2,700 non-payable but means tested grant available to students. Income of 17,500 or less attract the maximum grant partial grants are awarded to families with income of between 17,500-37,425.Families with income above the upper limit of 31,425 are given no grant. Maintenance loans will be reduced by up 1,200 for some students who are receiving full grant or living at home e.t.c. where however the students qualify for social security benefits they shall have the maximum grant without and reduction from their maintenance loan. A minimum of 300 should be offer to students benefiting from the maximum 2,700 grant by institution of higher education charging the maximum 3,000 tuition fees. This is towards helping the students in course-related cost and are not expected to pay back. This compulsory payment to student is done by SLC in January. Additional bursaries are awarded as deemed fits by the institution. Also obtainable in the new tuition and

Are nurses as cost effective as doctors in urgent care centres UK Essay

Are nurses as cost effective as doctors in urgent care centres UK - Essay Example Most hospitals and other medical facilities in London and elsewhere across the country have successfully commissioned or are on the verge of commissioning service models related to urgent care centers, especially at the frontage of the emergency departments. In particular, the urgent care centers provide appropriate response to patients with minor injuries and illnesses that do not require specialized or intensive care. In addition, urgent care centers foster greater integration between urgent services delivered in communities and care services provided in hospitals. Incidentally, most primary care practitioners have stronger links with community services thus enhancing rapid and seamless transfer of patients to relevant pathways (Healthcare for London 2010, p. 29). These care centers have also facilitated integration of the provisions of emergency and urgent care. Virtually all the studies indicated that nurse practitioners provide quality medical care services at comparatively lowe r costs, as well as provide more disease prevention counseling, health promotion activities, health education, and successfully achieve higher levels of patient satisfaction than doctors. According to the National Institute for Health Research (March, 2014), the effectiveness of nurses or nurse practitioners would only be compared with that of junior doctors in relation to treating of patients with minor injuries in urgent care centers and emergency department settings (National Institute for Health Research 2014, p. 5). However, the study offered limited evidence that could prove that nurses reduced the waiting time for patients during assessment or even treatment, as well as patients’ overall length of stay in urgent care centers and emergency departments in entirety. In addition, the study revealed that most patients were satisfied with the nurse practitioner’s high levels of acceptance

Samsung Quality Issue Management

Samsung Quality Issue Management Harsh Yadav   REFLECTION SAMSUNG NOTE 7 (QUALITY ISSUE) Introduction Samsung is one of the leading technology giants around the globe encompassing numerous business sectors like electronics, construction, life insurance, etc. in its portfolio. With its headquarters in Seoul, Samsung Electronics, one the various affiliates of Samsung group has been able to retain highest market share (21% 23%) in smartphone business in the past couple years, beating its major competitor Apple by a huge margin of around 9% (International Data Corporation, 2016). On 19th August, 2016, Samsung released its latest smartphone model named Samsung Galaxy Note 7. Considering the success of its previous versions, Note 7 was supposed to be a major competition for its rival iPhone. Unfortunately, within 2 months of its release, Samsung had to discontinue its manufacturing in October 2016 due to some quality issues with its battery, as there were many cases reported where the battery suddenly caught fire. Impact It was a huge blow on Samsungs brand image as its latest smartphone release was facing major quality issues. This not only affected the companys reputation but also raised the fingers on its research and development department, which is known for its innovative designs. Moreover, this issue was putting the safety of the Note 7 customers at a huge risk. According to the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission, around 90 incidents of battery overheating were reported along with 55 incidents of property damage and 26 incidents of burns in the US, all due to Samsung Note 7 (Chen Sang-Hun, 2016). Samsungs next step For damage control, Samsung had to recall its 2.5 million released Note 7 handsets (Mozur Lee, 2016). In its official statement, Samsung requested the customers to get their devices replaced at nearest Samsung store for a safer Note 7 device. As it was the worst quarter of a year for Samsung in past few years, the replacement sets also started facing the same issues and the company had no other choice but to order for the second recall for all the available Note7 devices in the market, including the so called safer replacement devices. The company assigned two separate teams for investigating the root cause of the problem. Ultimately in October, 2016, Samsung officially discontinued producing Note 7 handsets, incurring a loss of around $17 billion in lost sales from its expected sales of around 19 million units (Carlon, 2016). Root Cause After this tremendous mishap, Samsung sent a report to KATS (Korean Agency for Technology and Standards) explaining the reasons for this quality control issue which was originally due to a defect in their Note 7 design (Hollister, 2016). In Lithium ion batteries used in smartphones, there is a thin plastic layer that separates the positive and negative poles which need to be insulated from each other in order to avoid short circuit causing overheating of the battery and eventually fire. The design of the phone was such that it was putting a lot of pressure on the battery which led the plastic layer to get punctured and hence the short circuit. This defect was revealed while revising the assembly process of the phone (Hollister, 2016), which had to be done for Quality Management purpose. This was the reason which didnt allow the companys corrective action of changing the Note 7s batteries and sending them as safer replacements, to succeed. Samsung refunded the customers and learned some lessons from this mistake and also made critical improvements in its quality control process. This had to be done to maintain customer relationship. One of the contributing factors for this quality failure was the time factor from triple constraints, as Samsung was in a rush to beat iPhone 7, which hampered the quality considerations in Note 7s design. This also forced the company to re-evaluate every process in its product development cycle (Kovach, 2016).Also, due to the time constraint only Samsung had to stop Note 7s production and concentrate on it next model, otherwise they could have found out the problem and correct it. References Carlon, K. (2016, October 11). Samsung permanently discontinues the Galaxy Note 7, $17 billion in sales lost. Retrieved February 19, 2017, from www.androidauthority.com: http://www.androidauthority.com/samsung-galaxy-note-7-permanently-discontinued-721283/ Chen, B. X., Sang-Hun, C. (2016, October 11). Why Samsung Abandoned Its Galaxy Note 7 Flagship Phone. Retrieved February 19, 2017, from New York Times: https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/12/business/international/samsung-galaxy-note7-terminated.html?_r=0 Hollister, S. (2016, October 10). Heres why Samsung Note 7 phones are catching fire. Retrieved February 19, 2017, from CNET: https://www.cnet.com/news/why-is-samsung-galaxy-note-7-exploding-overheating/ International Data Corporation. (2016, November 26). Smartphone Vendor Market Share, 2016 Q3. Retrieved February 19, 2017, from IDC: http://www.idc.com/promo/smartphone-market-share/vendor Kovach, S. (2016, November 5). Samsungs culture needs to change if it wants to survive. Retrieved February 19, 2017, from BusinessInsider: http://www.businessinsider.com/samsung-reaction-to-note-7-recall-2016-11 Mozur, P., Lee, S.-H. (2016, September 2). Samsung to Recall 2.5 Million Galaxy Note 7s Over Battery Fires. Retrieved February 19, 2017, from The New York Times: https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/03/business/samsung-galaxy-note-battery.html

Free Macbeth Essays: The Importance of Sleep -- Free Essay Writer

The Importance of Sleep in Macbeth  Ã‚      The image of sleep is consistently mentioned in Macbeth with the intention of creating a symbolic importance.   Macbeth himself notes that the sleep he discusses with us, is that that ‘knits up’, meaning the sleep which smoothes out and pieces together. Macbeth recites this after he has spoken to Lady Macbeth directly after he committed the bloody murder of King Duncan.   He cried, ‘Sleep no more!’ to all the house:’Glamis hath murder’d sleep, and therefore Cawdor Shall sleep no more, Macbeth shall sleep no more!’ He frantically and almost deliriously raves, which highlights his conscience, is already bothering him.    The image of sleep is symbolized by Shakespeare to highlight one of the plays themes, conscious.   In reality sleep rests the mind, refreshes the mind and eases a person allowing them to function normally.   It is a fact that a person cannot survive without sleep†¦Ã‚   And Macbeth as well as Lady Macbeth’s characters demonstrate this.   They both will never be at peace again†¦&nb...

Corporate Reputation

Success of TIC was linked to the innovative business models to deliver shared value for both societies and shareholders, by leveraging synergies cross businesses to create new differentiated products and superior value propositions. This was also the period when TIC thought of working towards building an ecosystem rather than trying to protecting it. In true sense, It differentiated itself from the rest of world in such a manner that the competitors were left behind by at least two generations. Sole purpose tot TIC was to serve as a market anchor to the entire value chains.As Shari Y. C. Devonshire, present chairman of TIC Ltd said, â€Å"A country's brands are a reflection of its competitive strengths and a manifestation of its innovation and intellectual capacity. I strongly believe that a country's economic capacity is significantly enriched when its institutions build and own internationally competitive brands. Winning brands serve as market anchors to support the competitivenes s of the entire value chains of which they are a part Strong domestic brands create much larger value since they create, capture and retain value within the country.Your Company (TIC) takes justifiable pride in creating world-class Indian brands that have demonstrated Immense vitality in the global Indian market place. † Several initiatives which were way different from the conventional marketing mantra ere introduced by TIC and it created a value chain that connected a wide range of stakeholders from the villagers, peasants to the end users. E- Copula, social and ‘Offs initiatives. These laid platforms that connected the rural India to the rest of the world; creating a two way transaction flow.Also it focused on delivering triple bottom line. Flipping through the past: As mentioned, TIC has faced many ups and downs since its inception and the experience it carried forward throughout its Journey helped the organization work on many initiatives which were way unconvention al. It pioneered the idea of â€Å"cataloging and channeling investments towards upgrading of human capital expansion and modernization of infrastructure and productivity enhancement in the agric-sector. † The rationale of the idea was to create a shared value in terms of â€Å"a commitment beyond the market†.For Ashes Mamba's, vice president and head of Social investment, business could and should never overlook the twin problems of India, â€Å"economic inequity and depleting natural resources†. TIC being traditionally a agriculture based company, couldn't ignore both these factors invested everything engendering these two factors in mind. Creating a societal as well as shareholder value: The key to achieve and sustain economic growth of modern India, as identified by TIC, was simply â€Å"by enhancing the competitiveness of the Indian farmer and effectively linking them to remunerative opportunities in the world market. Since agriculture was the primary mean er of livelihood of more than 58. 4% population of India and with agriculture being the base of It's business, TIC worked for the betterment of the farmers thereby making its base strong for the future endeavor. E-Copula was a challenging business concept that was meant to embed the social goals of empowering the farmers and trigger a cycle of higher productivity, enlarged capacity for future investments.E-Copula was digitization of the agricultural sector thereby enhancing the competitiveness of the agric value chain. Real time information and customized knowledge provided e-Copula enhanced farmers' ability to make decisions and align their farm outputs with market and consumer demand. This was meant to build a system of trust with the farmers â€Å"as a reliable supplier of goods and reveries on the one hand and as a buyer of high quality, cost effective farm output on the other hand. This finally resulted the company to become one of the largest exporters of agricultural product s. 4-pronged strategy to tackle Climate Change: By the end of 2009, TIC unveiled its 4-pronged strategy to meet challenges of climate change. It was voluntary and transparent disclosure of the Company's sustainability initiatives and its contribution to building economic, environmental and social capital to secure the long term interests of its stakeholders.Recognizing the challenges of limited change and global warming and its impact on competitiveness, TIC has adopted decisive strategies to progress its own efforts to support national and international endeavors in mitigating the effects of climate change. TIC is ‘carbon positive' for 4 consecutive years, currently sequestering twice the amount of carbon status, creating rainwater harvesting potential that is more than twice that consumed by the Company. Irrigating water stressed areas is a critical need following the impact of climate change on Indian's farming sector.It's sustainable agricultural raciest also help farmers adapt to the vagaries of climate change. [www. Doctoral. Com] Integration, synergy and growth: The goal of inclusive and sustainable growth: â€Å"The goal of inclusive and sustainable growth – the philosophy underlying the Triple Bottom Line approach – is based on the realization that economic growth cannot be engendered without embracing the vast multitudes living in poverty and addressing the alarming depletion of finite natural resources.Over 75% of those below the poverty line reside in rural India, where agriculture continues to be the predominant resource of livelihood. The declining share of agriculture in GAP has led to the present situation where nearly 60% of Indian's population shares barely 22% of output. In terms of the foundational view of Dry. Mammary Seen, poverty manifests itself not only as material impoverishment but also in the lack of capacity for the poor to emerge from such a condition.Such fundamental deprivations of freedom suffered by indivi duals affect their economic performance as well as their ability to seize opportunities offered by functioning and expanding markets. Inclusive and sustainable growth is therefore crucially dependent on creating the capacity to consume among the rural poor. † Riding in the belief of inclusive growth, TIC committed itself to India and beyond the market.With the initiatives like â€Å"farm to food product value chain†, † tree to textbook value chain†, â€Å"aggregate value chain† â€Å"women's empowerment†, TIC not only proved its commitment beyond business motive but also established itself as an organization which put nation before company. The problem: The problem in front of TIC is two-fold: 1. With its strong value chain linking the rural ND urban economies, especially the fact that rural marketing is the core competence of TIC, should the conglomerate invest in livestock development program so that it can enter into the dairy business? . If the answer of the previous question is yes, then how should the company go about it? Should it consider a pure business model or like several other C.V. initiatives, it should work on a model of shared value connecting the villagers in the value chain? Options: 1 . Simply working on a business model by adhering to the law of the land and paying due taxes without exploiting or exploring the natural resources. . Not restricting to only business but working for the societal good by investing on philanthropic work. . Going beyond CAR to help out the Nags, self help service providers of the villages to develop and work for the community betterment. 4. Create a sustainable value chain as its other initiatives by leveraging the innovative capacity of the organization and economic development. Recommendation: With the objective of bringing about a significant increase in yield rates during the lactation period, TIC stepped up its breed improvement program initiated in 2004-05.From 32 Cattl e Development Centers (CDC) at the close of 2004- 05, the number increased to 72 CDC covering 1 ,500 villages during 2005-06. A total of 27,392 Artificial Insemination (Ass) were conducted during the period, taking the cumulative total to 46,200. The program recorded 3,531 live births during 2005-06, taking the cumulative total to 5,544 high- yielding crossbreeds. The most significant breakthrough in Mugger, Briar, was that the tie-up with Sudan Dairy (COMBED) for supply of milk from this region finally became a reality. TIC portal] Since, TIC already has a huge experience in the rural arrest developing program and a strong commitment towards the society, it can defiantly work on the dairy business by enabling families to upgrade to high-yield livestock and form co-operatives to market their milk. In this process TIC can turn a dormant family resource into an easily adoptable and dynamic rural enterprise. TIC can train and equip technicians to provide an integrated package consistin g of artificial insemination, cattle health and nutrition, pregnancy and post-natal services right at the farmer's doorstep.This development can also act as a bridge to link its DOD business by providing self sufficiency and thereby, in long term enabling a greater value creation. Examples from other industry: As an example of value chain system of an organization to strengthen its base, we would like to discuss about GAMMA and its most trusted brand, Maul. Of course, there is a difference between Maul and TIC about the kind of organization they are, but in terms of C.V., Maul can provide a good example.CAR-sensitive Business Philosophy: The first step towards discharging the CAR is the business philosophy of the GAMMA. It is twofold: one, to serve the interests of milk producers and second, to provide laity products to consumers as value for money. Evolution of an organizational system has ensured that the corporate social responsibility towards the primary milk producers, village and the ecological balance is fulfilled. The milk producers are paid for their milk in accordance with market forces and realization of value for their produce.Invariably the price paid to the member-producers in Gujarat is higher by 15 per cent than the national average. [1] CAR-orientation To Distributors ; Retailers: The GAMMA has identified the distributors and retailers are its important link in its o not get any opportunity of exposure to latest management practices. The GAMMA realized that it was a corporate social responsibility to strengthen the core business processes of its distributors so as to keep them in mainstream business and compete with those with formal training in management.The GAMMA has developed and trained all its distributors through Value-Mission-strategy Workshops, competence building, Maul Hyatt, Maul Quality Circle meetings, computerizing, and electronic commerce activities. Competency Building Module of the GAMMA is meant to infuse repressions selling skills by making the distributors and their salesmen aware of latest sales management tools and techniques; enhance their knowledge of products; positioning and segmentation strategies for various products.Through one to one talk with the farmers, the distributors and salesmen realize MAUL is a large business of small farmers and by selling MAUL products; they are discharging a social responsibility towards a large number of poor farmers whose livelihood depends upon their skill and integrity. [1] 1 . Http://www. Painlessness's. Com/news/corporate-social-responsibility-the-maul- yam 12172/4

Raymond Carver as Minimalist Essays

Raymond Carver as Minimalist Essays Raymond Carver as Minimalist Paper Raymond Carver as Minimalist Paper Raymond Carvers fingerprints Every writer has a deferent way of presenting his/her Ideas to readers, and thats what makes each of them so distinctive. A famous late 20th century American short story writer and poet, Raymond Carver, has often been described by critics as a minimalist. According to an Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary a minimalist Is a person who uses very simple Ideas In their work (Minimalist, 881 Raymond Carver wrote a lot of great short stories and poems. Most of his poems very edited by his Gordon List, and the originals where never published. Comparing Raymond Carvers original stories and stories that were edited by Gordon List, his first editor, we can notice an enormous difference in style. Carver uses a lot of details that keep reader interested when List takes out all those details and leaves us with less then a half of what was originally written. Gordon List is a minimalist; he influenced his style on Carver. When Carver became confident enough about his work, he stopped taking advice from him, and Raymond Carvers work became even more enjoyable. Despite the critics, who consider Carver a minimalist, after reading his original and edited Tories and doing some extra research, I would argue that List was a minimalist, not Carver. Lash edited out a large portion of Carvers work which made him appear Like a minimalist. By reading Carvers original stories, you will see a more developed and complex style that you will not find in the edited versions. If we compare Raymond Carvers original story Beginners and the version What We Talk About When We Walk About Love edited by Gordon List, we face two nearly different stories. We can clearly see how much information List has cut out from the original version; he roused out a lot of important details in the story and took out that unique persona of each character that Carver has created for a reason, to foreshadow the upcoming events. List made the story incredibly different; he even changed the title and names of the characters. The original story and the edited story have only about thirty percent In common. The original version was much longer and yet fascinating; It had interesting details that were In harmony with the text. Details, that Carver never liked, were very Important, and It didnt seem too heavy In the context. When Gordon List name onto the scene, he cut out nearly seventy percent of the text and left us with bare minimum. By editing out so much, he changed the plot of the story, as well as changing the title and character names. List also seems to use a lot of paragraph breaks that once again only simplify the story. When reading Carvers stories, we can differentiate the ones that were edited by List and those that werent. If we take Errand and Where I am calling from we can clearly see a lot of details that help us to create a character image in our heads. Therefore, we know that those two stories werent edited by List. Errand and Where I am calling from have strong details, such us the use of dialogue which foreshadows what Is going to happen late on. However, It doesnt make It uninteresting, Instead It makes a reader continue reading further. In letters from Carver to Gordon Lash, from 1969 to 1 983, we see the tremendous change In their relationship. At the beginning, Carver writes to Lash with much respect and love, You know, I feel closer to you than I do to my own brother. Youre my Malaysian. Man, I love you (Carver, Letters to an Editor). Carver tells Alls how much he loves him and he doesnt want to lose him in his first letters. Later on, when Carver gets the edited version of the Beginners, he writes a long letter to List telling him how he feels about his editing. Gordon, the changes are brilliant and for the better in most cases I look at What We Talk About When We Walk About Love(Beginners) and I see what it is that youve done, what youve pulled out of it, and Im awed and astonished, startled even, with your insights. Carver is complementing List on the editing, he like what he did, and he wants him to continue working on his stories. After sending List a few more stories and getting the result back, Carver tar ts realizing that he doesnt want his stories to be so minimal, he wants them to have the original beauty. Therefore, he writes List another letter, telling him that he doesnt like his editing style l want that sense of beauty and mystery they have now, but I dont want to lose track, lose touch with the little human connections I saw in the first version you sent me. It is obvious here that Carver wants to have connection with a reader; he wants to have readers interest through out the entire story. In his last letter to List, Carver still asks him to edit his stories, but leave them indicated, may e Just a little bit trimmed if needed. Carver allowed him to change the titles if List felt the need to. After those requests, List started working on Carvers 3rd collection and following his requests with minimal editing. However, after that, List never wrote back to Carver. Carver addressed him last letter asking List if he forgot about him and then telling him that he is going back to the [Paris Review] interview and take out all the good things he said about List. This was the end of their relationship as friends or List being Carvers editor. I assume that List did not like how Carver was irritating his editing and he decided to disappear. Adam Meyer wrote five books of criticism published on Carver. Meyer discusses more than 45 stories and provides their full analysis. Meyer argues with other critics over that Carver was a minimalist, saying: to remind the reader that What We Talk About When We Walk About Love, Carver at his barest, is also Carver at his least representative. (Overview, Arthur F. Bethel). Adam Meyer implies that List is the one who is representing the story, and that Carver almost has nothing to do with it. He seems to devalue minimalist stories because they are less intelligible than fuller Tories. Meyer does not value stories that are written in the minimalist style. Meyer believes in that Carvers original work is more intelligible then the edited copies by Gordon List. Raymond Carver started rejecting Lashs advices after becoming more confident about his work. In New Yorker, Rough Crossings we notice a sudden change from letters to an editor. In Rough Crossings, Carver becomes harsher on List. Severe editorial cuts two stories had been slashed by nearly seventy percent, , many descriptions and digressions were gone; endings had been truncated or rewritten. All this means a minimalist style of writing which Carver is not a big supporter of. In a review of his last book, a Journalist called him a minimalist, meaning it as a compliment, which didnt make Carver too happy. In 1986, an interview was taking with Carver. He was asked a question What makes your writing uniquely your own? (The Pillsbury Review). Carver answered: Well, certainly, the tone in the work, I suppose. Geoffrey Wolff said in a review of my first book of stories that he felt he could PICK out a story AT Milne walkout seeing my name attached to I t. I took Tanat as a implement. If you can find an authors fingerprints on the work, you can tell its his and no others. This is a big compliment for an author to be told that someone can actually recognize your story without coming across the name. Another following question was asked him: Where do those fingerprints lie? In subject? In style? Raymond said: Both. Subject and style, the two are pretty much inseparable, right? John Update once said that when he thinks of writing a story only certain areas of writing and experience are open to him. Certain areas, and lives, are completely closed. So, the story chooses him. And I feel thats true of myself. Speaking as a poet and story writer, I think that my stories and poems have chosen me. I havent had to go out looking for material. These things come. Youre called to write them. This is one of the reasons why Carver has such a great style of writing. His style is complex and developed because he enjoys writing the story, he has that extra information to put in, its not hard for him to get since all the stories come to him, unlike to minimalists. When reading Carvers stories, we can differentiate the ones that were edited by List and those that werent. If we take Errand and Where I am calling from we can clearly see a lot of details that help us to create a character image in our heads. Raymond Carver is a beautiful writer, his stories are full of interesting details that foreshadow later in the story, and make the story more interesting. Carver is definitely not a minimalist, his writing is developed and complex in order to be considered as minimalist. Raymond Carver is being called a minimalist only because his editor, Gordon List, edited most of his early stories and stripped them down to nothing.

Free Essays on Buddism

Buddhism is one of the major religions of the world. It was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, who lived in northern India from c.560 to c.480 BC. The time of the Buddha was a time of social and religious change, the development of trade and cities, the breakdown of old tribal traditions, and the rise of many new religious movements that answered the demands of the times. These movements came from the Brahmanic tradition of Hinduism but were also reactions against it. Of the new sects, Buddhism was the most successful and eventually spread throughout India and most of Asia. Today Buddhism is divided into two main branches. The Theravada, or "Way of the Elders," the more conservative of the two, it is mainly found in Sri Lanka, Burma, and Thailand. The Mahayana, or "Great Vehicle," is more liberal, it is found mainly in Taiwan, Korea, and Japan, and among Tibetan peoples, where it is known by its emphasis on he Buddhist Tantras. In recent times, both branches, as well as Tibetan Buddhism, have gained followers in the West.... Free Essays on Buddism Free Essays on Buddism Buddhism is one of the major religions of the world. It was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, who lived in northern India from c.560 to c.480 BC. The time of the Buddha was a time of social and religious change, the development of trade and cities, the breakdown of old tribal traditions, and the rise of many new religious movements that answered the demands of the times. These movements came from the Brahmanic tradition of Hinduism but were also reactions against it. Of the new sects, Buddhism was the most successful and eventually spread throughout India and most of Asia. Today Buddhism is divided into two main branches. The Theravada, or "Way of the Elders," the more conservative of the two, it is mainly found in Sri Lanka, Burma, and Thailand. The Mahayana, or "Great Vehicle," is more liberal, it is found mainly in Taiwan, Korea, and Japan, and among Tibetan peoples, where it is known by its emphasis on he Buddhist Tantras. In recent times, both branches, as well as Tibetan Buddhism, have gained followers in the West....

Problem of Evil Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Problem of Evil - Essay Example The question is viewed in the angle that if God has all the power and ability he is said to have, why is he not capable of preventing all the evil that affects the well-being of people. Furthermore, a group of people that tend to question the existence of God asks if he is truly morally perfect; and if he is, why does not he do anything in relation to controlling the bad things that happen. These questions conflict with the firm belief of the orthodox theist. The theist believes there is a perfect God who is in control of everything that happens in this world (Michael 324). The other significant issue employed in the logical problem argument is that it is impossible for some of the statements to be true. One such statement indicates that God is omnipotent. This statement simply means that God is all-powerful (Michael 324). The other statement that cause question is that God is omniscient (Michael 324). This statement means that God is all-knowing. Moreover, another statement that ten ds to raise various questions states that God is perfectly good (Michael 324). The final statement that develops various questions on this issue is that evil exists. Some people in the society support the above statements, but they tend to raise various contradictions in relation to the logical problem argument (Michael 326). ... This is because he would have the power of controlling them. The other contradiction that emerges states that if God is perfectly good, he is supposed to play a crucial role in making sure that people he created do not suffer. This simply means that he would not allow any evil to happen. Moreover, the other contradiction states that, if evil truly exists, there is a high probability to the claim that the abovementioned statements are not true. This means that God is not omnipotent, omniscient, or perfectly good. On the other hand, theists argue that people perform evil because they choose to do so on the basis of the free will inherent in them; and, as God needs people to love him – that is, to do good in his name – on the basis of their free choice, he does not force does them to do good – he does not need robots. So, universe and humans have been created as good by God; afterwards, it was the free will that, having chosen to disobey God, brought evil into man a nd the world. The Evidential Argument The evidential argument supports the fact there is some known evidence of evil that truly indicates that God does not exist (Rowe & Nick 163). However, unlike the logical argument based on the contradiction between the existence of evil and the existence of God, evidential argument takes a different move. The argument tries to demonstrate there might be no God considering the existence of various forms and kinds of evil (Rowe & Nick 166). Moreover, the evidential argument takes into consideration for how long evil has been happening on the Earth. Various issues related to evil illustrate there are things beyond human control (Murray n.p). This means that human beings perform unacceptable things, and they are

Boundaryless Career Deined Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Boundaryless Career Deined - Essay Example Though the new boundaryless career era brought along with it a number of exciting features, along with the benefits, there are a number of challenges created by it for the modern graduates. The challenges in the new business world According to scholars like Brocklehurst (n.d.p. 3-4), there are certain fundamentals that people seek in their jobs. Some important aspects are security, community and self-fulfillment. Admittedly, gone are the days when an employee was hired by a company for his lifetime, and once employed, the employees felt considerable amount of security in their jobs. However, in the modern workplace, one is not in a position to feel secure as there is a possibility of change at any time. Companies change their strategies on an everyday basis, they change technologies and consequently the employees are met with a flood of newer and newer information that they fail to grasp fully. While the ones who are able to assimilate and adapt according to the changes manage to sta y afloat, the ones who cannot are left behind. The second point is the community feeling. Evidently, as the work place is volatile, it is a place of discontinued events, and hence, the employees normally find it difficult to grow and retain lasting relationships. The last point is the feeling of self-fulfillment. Admittedly, having some relations and the feeling of belonging are essential for the feeling of self fulfillment. However, when the career ladder is ever-climbing, one feels restless and helpless. Thus, admittedly, the first challenge for the young graduates in the modern business arena is to learn to live without the security that is given by a single employer. The second major challenge for the graduates is the need for life-long learning. To illustrate, gone are the days when a fresher joined a company and went on doing the very same job throughout his life. Now, even a person who wants to pursue the same job will have to learn new and new things as technology goes on ch anging and as newer and newer forms of technology go on assaulting the workplace. For example, if an accountant in the past only required accounting skills, the present-day accountant has to do it using computer and modern software that change every now and then. Thus, for a modern day employee, learning has become life-long, and they have to continue applying the skills and knowledge they learned in one situation in another. The third issue facing young graduates is that they should be adaptable in the modern business world. For example, a manger in a multinational firm will have to work in various cultures and various geographical areas, and the skill of a manager is usually assessed by his readiness to get used to the situations. The one who has foreseen the situation is the best and he epitomizes the modern day employee. The one who is able to adapt immediately will also change and survive. Without the ability to adapt, the employee does not get any feeling of security. In other words, as Sullivan and Emerson (n.d., p.3) point out, ones feeling of security is decided by ones own ability to improvise, not by the employee’